Potholes are a major road concern for drivers, especially during seasonal changes. As temperatures fluctuate, the damage to roadways intensifies, leading to accidents and costly repairs. Understanding how potholes form and what you can do to stay safe is crucial for every motorist.

The Science Behind Potholes

Potholes begin with the expansion and contraction of groundwater beneath the pavement. According to Chuck Marsh, Northwest Regional Communications Manager for the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT), “Groundwater gets underneath the pavement of the road, and as it freezes and thaws, it causes the road to break apart.”

This process is especially common during the transition between fall and winter or winter to spring, when temperatures frequently shift. As the ground freezes, it expands, pushing the pavement upward. When it thaws, the ground contracts, leaving gaps in the road that ultimately form potholes. Over time, these holes can grow larger as vehicles pass over them, causing more damage and posing a serious risk to drivers.

Seasonal Hazards: Why Potholes Are Worse in Winter

Winter is the most critical time for pothole formation. The freeze-thaw cycles weaken the road structure, leading to rapid deterioration. As Marsh explains, these changes can create dangerous conditions: “If you’re hitting a pothole at speed, you could affect your vehicle. You could mess up your tires, you can mess up your suspension.”

Potholes that form in colder months can be hard to spot, especially when covered by snow or ice. Drivers are more likely to hit them unknowingly, often leading to accidents. The impact on your vehicle can be severe, from flat tires to suspension damage. But there’s also a risk for other motorists. When a vehicle hits a pothole at high speed, it can kick up debris, damaging vehicles behind it.

How CDOT Responds to Potholes

Once a pothole is reported, CDOT steps in to handle the repair process. The procedure includes chipping away at the hole, squaring it off, and cleaning out any debris. This is followed by filling the hole with an asphalt mix to restore the road’s surface.

However, CDOT does not maintain all roads. Marsh clarified that CDOT only handles potholes on state highways and interstates. “If travelers are finding that there are potholes within city or county limits that are not on state highways or interstates, they need to get in touch with the local city and county folks,” he said. Each city, including Grand Junction, has an online portal where residents can report potholes.

• Grand Junction: Report a pothole via the “Report a Concern” page.
• Mesa County: Use the “Road Problem Reporter” to alert officials.

The Importance of Speed and Awareness

Speed plays a significant role in how potholes affect your vehicle. Marsh pointed out that in city areas, where traffic tends to move slower, hitting a pothole can cause less damage. “It’s going to be a lot less traumatic to your vehicle, to your person than it would be if you’re hitting a pothole going 65-75 miles an hour,” he said.

Still, safety should always come first. When approaching a pothole, don’t make any sudden maneuvers. “If you see that you’re coming up to a pothole, don’t just automatically swerve into the next lane. Make sure you check your mirrors first because bumping into another car versus bumping into a pothole is probably gonna cause a little bit more damage,” advised Marsh.

How to Stay Safe on the Road

While potholes are an inevitable part of life, there are several steps you can take to protect yourself and your vehicle.

• Stay alert: Always keep an eye on the road ahead, especially in areas prone to potholes.
• Reduce your speed: In areas where potholes are common, slow down to minimize the risk of damage.
• Check your vehicle: Ensure your tires and suspension are in good condition to handle rough roads.
• Report potholes: If you see a pothole, report it immediately. Use your city or county’s online portal or contact CDOT directly at (970)-243-2368.

By staying vigilant, you can minimize the risks posed by potholes and help ensure safer roadways for everyone.