In a remarkable archaeological discovery, a life-sized sandstone statue of a temple guardian has been unearthed at the Banteay Prei Temple within Cambodia’s historic Angkor Wat Archaeological Park. This statue, known as a dvarapala, dates back to the 13th century and was found buried near the eastern entrance of the temple’s second gate. The statue, despite being broken into six pieces, remains in near-complete condition and offers a fascinating glimpse into the ancient Khmer civilization.
Discovery of the Guardian Statue
The discovery of the guardian statue at Banteay Prei Temple has captivated archaeologists and historians alike. The statue was found approximately 80 centimeters underground, buried under rubble from a collapsed gate. This significant find was made by a team of archaeologists from the Apsara National Authority (ANA) while they were clearing debris from the site. The statue, crafted in the Bayon style, stands just over five feet tall and depicts a warrior holding a club, a common feature of dvarapala statues.
The statue’s condition is remarkable given its age and the circumstances of its burial. Although it was found head down and broken into six pieces, the statue retains much of its original detail. Damage was noted at the neck, left forearm, waist, and below the knees of each leg. Despite these damages, the statue’s serene face with a slight smile, characteristic of the Bayon style, remains intact. This discovery provides valuable insights into the artistic and cultural practices of the Khmer Empire.
The Banteay Prei Temple, where the statue was found, is one of the many historical sites within the Angkor Wat Archaeological Park. Built in the late 1200s or early 1300s, the temple was commissioned by King Jayavarman VII to honor his father. The discovery of the dvarapala statue adds to the historical significance of the site and highlights the rich cultural heritage of the region.
Significance of the Dvarapala Statues
Dvarapala statues, like the one found at Banteay Prei, are significant in Hindu, Buddhist, and Jaina cultures. These statues typically depict warriors holding weapons such as maces or swords and are placed at the entrances of temples to serve as guardians. The presence of these statues is meant to protect the sacred spaces from evil spirits and negative influences. The dvarapala at Banteay Prei is a testament to the Khmer Empire’s religious and cultural practices.
The Bayon style, in which the statue is crafted, is associated with the last state temples built at Angkor. This style is characterized by serene faces with slight smiles, reflecting the artistic sensibilities of the period. The discovery of the dvarapala statue in this style provides a deeper understanding of the artistic evolution during the reign of King Jayavarman VII. It also underscores the importance of temple guardians in the spiritual and cultural life of the Khmer people.
The statue’s discovery also sheds light on the construction and architectural practices of the time. The fact that the statue was buried under rubble from a collapsed gate suggests that the temple structures were subject to natural wear and tear, as well as possible human interventions. The preservation of the statue, despite these challenges, highlights the durability and craftsmanship of the Khmer artisans.
Future Preservation and Study
Following its discovery, the guardian statue will be preserved and studied further to uncover more details about its origin and significance. The statue has been moved to the Preah Norodom Sihanouk-Angkor Museum, where it will undergo conservation efforts. These efforts will focus on stabilizing the statue’s condition and preventing further deterioration. The museum will also conduct detailed studies to understand the statue’s historical context and its role within the Banteay Prei Temple.
The preservation of the statue is crucial for future generations to appreciate and learn from this significant archaeological find. The ANA has emphasized the importance of protecting Cambodia’s cultural heritage and ensuring that such discoveries are preserved for educational and research purposes. The statue’s relocation to the museum will also make it accessible to the public, allowing visitors to gain insights into the ancient Khmer civilization.
Further archaeological work at Banteay Prei Temple is expected to continue, with the hope of uncovering more artifacts and structures that can provide a comprehensive understanding of the site. The discovery of the dvarapala statue is just one of many potential finds that could shed light on the history and culture of the Khmer Empire. Continued research and excavation efforts will be essential in piecing together the rich tapestry of Cambodia’s past.
